Indiana Medical Billing Law at a Glance
Federal Protection
No Surprises Act (42 USC §300gg-111) — Bans surprise billing for emergency services, prohibits balance billing at in-network facilities from out-of-network providers without consent, limits cost-sharing to in-network rates.
State Surprise Billing Law
Ind. Code §27-8-36 — Balance Billing Protections
Balance billing banned for emergency services.
Enforcement: Department of Insurance enforcement for violations
Where to File Complaints
- Indiana Department of Insurance Consumer Services Division
- Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
- Indiana Attorney General Consumer Protection Division
Small claims limit: $8,000
Additional Protections
- Balance billing banned for emergency services
- Federal NSA provides additional non-emergency protections
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Indiana Medical Bill Dispute FAQ
What protections does the No Surprises Act provide for patients in Indiana?
The No Surprises Act (42 USC §300gg-111), effective January 1, 2022, protects Indiana patients from surprise medical bills. It bans balance billing for emergency services at out-of-network facilities, prohibits surprise bills from out-of-network providers at in-network facilities without prior consent, and limits patient cost-sharing to in-network rates. These federal protections apply in all 50 states including Indiana.
Does Indiana have its own surprise billing law beyond the No Surprises Act?
Yes. Indiana provides additional patient protections under Ind. Code §27-8-36 (Balance Billing Protections). Balance billing is banned for emergency services.
How do I dispute a medical bill in Indiana?
To dispute a medical bill in Indiana: (1) Request an itemized bill with CPT/HCPCS codes, (2) Review your Explanation of Benefits (EOB) from your insurer, (3) Send a formal dispute letter citing the No Surprises Act (42 USC §300gg-111) and Ind. Code §27-8-36, (4) Demand the provider cease collection while the dispute is pending, (5) File complaints with Indiana Department of Insurance Consumer Services Division and CMS if not resolved. Send your dispute letter via certified mail, return receipt requested.
How long do I have to dispute a medical bill in Indiana?
Under the No Surprises Act, you have 120 days to initiate a dispute for bills that exceed a good faith cost estimate by $400 or more. While there is no hard federal deadline for general billing disputes, acting quickly strengthens your position. Billing departments are more responsive to timely disputes.
Where do I file a complaint about a medical bill in Indiana?
In Indiana, you can file complaints with: (1) Indiana Department of Insurance Consumer Services Division, (2) Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) for No Surprises Act violations, (3) Indiana Attorney General Consumer Protection Division. For claims up to $8,000, you can file in Indiana small claims court.
Can I sue a hospital or provider for surprise billing in Indiana?
The No Surprises Act is primarily enforced by CMS and state insurance regulators, not through private lawsuits. However, you can file complaints with regulatory agencies, use the federal Independent Dispute Resolution (IDR) process, and pursue claims in Indiana small claims court for amounts up to $8,000. Under Indiana law: Department of Insurance enforcement for violations.
Medical Bill Dispute Letters by State
Select your state to see your specific protections.